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ALBANIAN JOURNALISM Home | Politics | Economy | Culture | Sports info@albanianjournalism.com |
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Ndërsa gazeta Shekulli në
faqen 3 për këtë vizitë të Nanos në Greqi shkruan: SA NA KUSHTON BILETA
FALAS, NANO UDHETON ME PARA GREKE. Krenaria e shtetit shqiptar merr fund
tek shkallët e avionit. ...
REPUBLIKA E KOSOVES Nr.199/98 PASQYRA E SHTYPIT SHQIPTAR 1.Nano:"Ministra reduktoni
shpenzimet e përditshme. Kursimet të derdhen mbi refugjatët dhe ushtrinë".
QEVERIA PERGATITET PER LUFTE
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"SHEKULLI" CARRIES AN
ARTICLE ON 12 MAY 1998, ABOUT THE ALBANIAN MINISTER OF FINANCE, ARBEN
MALAJ, ENTITLED "MINISTER MALAJ RECEIVES A SALARY FROM A PYRAMID SCHEME" THE SUBTITLE OF THE ARTICLE IS "HAVING COMPLETE KNOWLEDGE FOR THE END OF PYRAMID SCHEMES, MALAJ SIGNED A CONTRACT WITH CENAJ COMPANY, THAT WAS FOR THREE YEARS AND THE MONTHLY SALARY WOULD BE 1200 USD". Tirana - The Albanian Finance Minister, Arben Malaj has not canceled yet the employment contract that he has signed with loaning company of Lefter Cenaj. In October 1996, while the former Finance Minister, Ridvan Bode, declared openly) and with bad consequences the pyramid schemes scandal, Malaj signs a contract with Cenaj company that according to sources from the company, had foreseen a cooperation of Malaj with Cenaj for three years. It was not by accident that Malaj a known finances specialist, with a Ph.D., having work experience with another company of this kind, makes a contract of three years with "Cenaj" at the very moment when the collapse of the pyramid schemes was more than obvious even to the public opinion. Capable of anticipating the failure of the pyramid's gambling (although in October 1996, the anticipation were not that worthy), fully aware of the social consequences of the pyramid's phenomenon and of the public pessimism about receiving the money put in the pyramid schemes, economist Malaj, in exchange of a salary of 1200 USD monthly, and a house 2+1, and also of occasional extra rewards, committed himself to a long term service with Lefter Cenaj. In 1997, the Malaj Cenaj relation was not infringed even though the first has taken in his hand the Albanian finances and plays an "active" role in the transparency of the pyramid scheme companies; while the second (Cenaj) is ranked among the bosses of the pyramid schemes. Sources from "Cenaj" company told us that Minister Malaj has continued until September 1997 his collaboration with Cenaj, until he formulates with his handwriting "agreement which although not signed, has the values of the documentation for some expenses made in behalf of Cenaj. Being unable to meet Cenaj in person, Malaj has exchanged many telephone calls with him during the above mentioned period. "I have worked for the pyramid schemes just like I did for all other clients", this how Minister Malaj replied to accusations by the former President Berisha who spoke of "involvement" of the Minister with the pyramids. Although Malaj has already admitted that he has worked for pyramid schemes, the number one of the Albanian finances has never made clear his position and his role in the pyramids phenomenon. Minister Malaj has served Cenaj, but has never made any statement about how he has served him. Minister Malaj has advised Cenaj, but he has not clarified when and why he has given those advises. Minister Malaj has carried out transactions for Cenaj, but he has never told anyone how he did this. Minister Malaj has made purchases for Cenaj, without saying what he purchased. Minister Malaj has withdrawn money for Cenaj, without saying how, how much and where. Various sources from Cenaj testify to the past of these relations (October 1996- September 1997). But the same sources ignore the fact that even today Arben Malaj has not cancelled the three year contract he has signed with Lefter Cenaj. It does not take much to understand that if this contract still continues to be considered valid; while the point of the agreement may have changed in favor of the most recent developments concerning the pyramid's phenomenon and their transparency. As a result, also the "consultancy" of Finance Minister is more costly that the one of a simple economist, considering his role in the process of transparency. So Malaj is employed twice. The simplest of the questions is whether Nano will permit the double employment among his ministers. PS: Minister Malaj was the Director of Research Unit of the Cenaj company, and he used to work for three other pyramid schemes companies, Silva, Global Food and Kamberi |
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Par
Charles-Henri LAFONT Origines et réponses occidentales à la crise sociale en Albanie La chute
des pyramides financières en 1997 et la crise politique institutionnelle
de l'Etat albanais qui en a découlé ont sans doute modifié en profondeur
l'appréhension de l'Europe du Sud-Est par les Occidentaux. Il n'y avait
pas un foyer de crise dans les Balkans, mais bien plusieurs. Après la
Croatie et la Bosnie, c'était au tour de l'Albanie de s'enflammer et de
sombrer dans une quasi guerre civile.
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ALBANIANS AND THEIR CULTURE: A Thesis Presented To the
Faculty of Copyright by http://www.mcclear.net/albanians_&_culture.htm Blood Feuds Blood feuds are not unique to Albania. They can be found in other isolated societies of the Mediterranean (such as Corsica) or in the Northern Caucuses (Malcolm 19). Carver tells us that this Albanian code most closely resembles the puktunwali of Northwestern India (308). The Kanun does set out the "rules" of the blood code, not as a way of encouraging such but to limit it so that the entire population not be wiped out. As it was, serious social and economic dislocation resulted from so many (usually young) men being killed or forced into hiding by the cycle of revenge. (Women were exempt from the feuds). It's important to understand that the aim of this blood feud is not punishment for murder but satisfaction of one's own honor when it has been polluted. If retribution were the real aim, then only those personally responsible for the original crime or insult would be potential targets; but instead, honor is cleansed by killing any male member of the family of the original offender, and the spilt blood of that victim then cries out to its own family for purification. Since honor is of the essence, there are strict rules for every step of the feud. (Malcolm 19-20) The communists claim that one of the great achievements of their administration was the elimination of the Kanun. If true, this would have been a mighty achievement. [end note 22] At the end of the Ottoman period it was estimated that 19% of all adult male deaths in the central mountains of the Malësi area were blood feud murders (Malcolm 20). Though contained under communism, most of its elements have re-appeared in the past ten years. [end note 23] The Kanun has eased readjustment for many of the northerners as they come out of the Hoxha period as, for example, original land borders were remembered accurately by all parties and so reverted to original ownership with far less difficulty than privatization in other areas. The other side of this is that at least ninety blood feud killings had been reported through the BBC by June 1996 (Longworth 33). This is probably an under report, [end note 24] it's an issue that those in authority don't want talked about as it doesn't give Albania a positive impression in the outside world. The authorities of the international service of Radio Tirana censor any mention of the feuds (or of their reconciliation). In the December 1, 1995 The New Reporter Artes Llazani reports that "there are 2100 stories about the blood revenge." Isuf Lita, Investigator of the police station in Shkodër is quoted in Llazani’s report as saying "I guess that 90% of blood revenges are new ones [post communism.] Old blood revenges are very few in number." Llazani also indicates that there have been ninety-seven cases where the Mission of Blood Forgiveness has managed to negotiate a forgiveness of the feuds since 1991. [end note 25] While southerners don't seem to practice the blood feuds, they know and understand the concept. During the pre-election period in May 1996 Ferdinand Lambe, the owner/manager of Radio Vlora, conducted a series of phone-ins and round table discussions, which included all of the local candidates. One of the opposition candidates was on the air when two policemen showed up at the station to arrest him. The station is in Lambe's home and the policemen were from the far north (as Lambe could clearly identify by their accents). When they knocked on the door, Lambe asked them to step outside, so they could have their discussion without interrupting the broadcast. The police could see that this station/home was a single room, there was no danger that the candidate might escape, so agreed. Lambe reminded the police that this candidate was a guest in his home and thus, under the Kanon, under his protection. If they bothered the candidate, it would be an insult that might need to be arbitrated under the Kanun. Without saying anything more they assumed that Lambe would be forced to kill them, then their family to kill him, and so on for five generations. The policemen, not knowing whether Lambe would really do that, left. They picked up the candidate out on the street a couple of hours later, after the broadcast. Lambe had used the Kanon as was intended, to avoid trouble.
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Shkrimi i Kadarese Nga reagimet e deritanishme ne Alb-shkenca munda te ve re, se te pakten nje permase brenda ketij shkrimi nuk eshte mundur te shquhet. Gjej rastin ta sjell permes ketij reagimi. Pyetje qe ngrihen gjate leximit te kesaj eseje, mes te tjerash mund te jene: Kush duhet te shkruaje per te verteten? Ne fund te fundit kush eshte e verteta? A mund te qendroje ne kembe cilesimi se te gjithe qene bashkefajtore ne diktature? A mund te quhet bashkefajtor nje njeri, i cili nuk eshte perzier me parti, nuk ka spiunuar, ka pranuar te mbetet gjalle nen diktature duke punuar ne pune te shtetit? A nuk ka ekzistuar zgjedhja per cdo njeri ne ate kohe, qe mos te zgjidhte nje profesion, por nje tjeter, psh. ne vend qe te behej oficer sigurimi te behej agronom? Apo ne vend te shkrimtar qe i thurr lavde partise, apo kritik shkrimtaresh nga ata qe burgosnin per shkak se shkruhej me shije jo-partie te behej mesues gjuhe? Apo ne vend te gjykates te behej inxhinier, fizikan, matematikan, biolog, kimist? Te thoshte nuk mundem te spiunoj per shkak se nuk mbaj dot sekrete dhe kam frike se do tradhetoj veten, a ishte e veshtire? Kur e shikonte se ajo qe ish vendosur ne Shqiperi nuk ish komunizmi i premtuar nga ideologjia, por nje sistem i ri klasash, te privilegjuarit e partise dhe te denuarit nga partia, pse futej ne parti? Per shkak se ishte komunist idealist? Apo per shkak se donte te bente pjese tek shtresa e te privilegjuarve? Po pozicioni personal i Kadarese brenda asaj kohe cili eshte? A mund te quhet, se e ka sqaruar ai kete pozicion? A duhet te kerkoje ai falje para popullit, te cilit i drejtohej me shkrime te kesaj natyre per privilegjet qe ka marre ne kohen e diktatures? Kadare si shkrimtar nuk vihet ne dyshim permes ketyre pyetjeve. Ne pyetje gjate leximit, dhe kjo ka vite qe behet ne menyre te vazhdueshme nga drejtime te ndryshme, eshte personi i Kadarese. Si me te qendrueshmit duket se jane kristalizuar: ai i ish te persekutuarve, te cilet nuk mund ta pranojne qe ai ta quaje veten disident ne kohen qe ka pasur perfitime direkte nga diktatura e nuk ka pasur denime te dukshme, si per shembull burgosje, a ndonje forme tjeter, nderkohe qe ata vete jane plakur burgjeve, duke lene jashte familje qe e pesonin prej biografise se nje te vetmi ne mes tyre; ai i ish nomenklatures se diktatures, e cila sidomos ne kohet e fundit po behet gjithnje e me zelarte e po vepron qellimplote per ta theksuar se Kadare ishte asgje me mire se nje prej tyre. Per kete te fundit reagimi i Kadarese mund te vihet re ne egersine, e cila mund te ndihet thuajse ne cdo fjali te ketij shkrimi. Per ata qe duan te ndjejne pak me shume nga kjo egersi, keshilloj librin e Fahri Balliut “Zonja e zeze Nexhmije Hoxha” botuar ne qershor te ketij viti, pak dite perpara zgjedhjeve, me parathenie te Kadarese. Per te parin reagimi i Kadarese ka qene i nje forme, e cila pare jashte cdo idealizimi le per te deshiruar. Para akuzave se ka qene shkrimtar i privilegjuar ne kohe te diktatures, pergjigja ka qene e frymes: pse duhet te ishte burgosur ai qe te quhej se nuk ish i diktatures? Ndoshta po. Njerezit jane te prirur drejt njerezve qe kane vuajtur. Psh. mund te vihet re kjo ne raste bisedash qe sjellin ne fjale Pjeter Arbnorin, apo te vdekurin e gialle ne diktature Lasgush Poradecin. Ne nje film dokumentar te nje regjizori te ri austriak, paraqitur ne festivalin e filmit “Diagonale” qe zhvillohet cdo vit ne Grac, behej fjale per poziten e rinise shqiptare perballe fese. Filmi ndertohej rreth tre personazheve: Bojken Lakos, Ervin Hatibit, Artes Llazanit. Pa u ndalur ne temen e ketij filmi dhe si u trajtua ajo ne te, shkepus e sjell ne kete reagim fjalet e gazetares Artes Llazani (riprodhuar jo ne menyre ekzakte) ne veten e trete: ajo tregonte per familjen e vet, prinderit, babane vecanerisht, i cili per hir te familjes, rehatise dhe sigurimit te shkolles per vajzat, pra nisur nga pragmatizmi njerezor vendosi te futej ne parti dhe hyri ne parti. Me pragmatizimin njerezor do te mund te shpjegohej pa hatermbetje sjellja e asaj shumice se popullsise shqiptare, por dhe jo shqiptare ne krejt vendet e Lindjes diktatoriale komuniste qe e mbijetoi diktaturen pa i hyre gjemb ne kembe. Duke u nisur nga ky pragmatizem me baze racionalizmin njerezor mund te ngrihet gjithashtu dyshimi, se ata qe drejtuan partine, ata qe perfituan prej privilegjeve te saj, ata qe drejtuan makinerine e diktatures qene kapitaliste te nje lloji te vecante, qe per te arritur tek maksimizimi i fitimeve per vete jane ne gjendje te shkelin mbi jete njerezish, atyre qe vrane e burgosen e familjeve te tuaja qe i damkosen me titullin "armiq te popullit". Te keqen e kapitalisteve, te cileve u jane vene mbrapa filozofe qe prej kohes kur nisi teoria e ekonomise e kur nisen e aktiviste te shoqerise qe kur nisi prodhimi industrial! Pastrimi i ndergjegjes se diktatureberesve ne lindjen komuniste mungon, vonon, jo per shkak se dosjet nuk jane hapur. Hapja e dosjeve eshte vetem nje rrjedhoje e dickaje te madhe te munguar: denimit te komunizmit si nje nga krimet me te medha ndaj njerezimit, njesoj sikurse u cilesua fashizmi dhe nacionalsocializmi. Kjo mungese ben qe cfare doli nga diktatura komuniste te jete gojehapur, sikur te mos kishte ndodhur gje. Gjermaneve iu desh te luftonin e i duhet te luftojne akoma me cilesimin "naziste". Ata u kategorizuan tek fajtoret dhe kjo i ben akoma te jene te kushtezuar ne sjelljet e tyre ne te mire te Gjermanise, dhe tmerri nga termat "nacionalizem", "nacionalist" e te ngjashme me keto mund te ndihet ne rrethet akademike. Ne Austri ky cilesim “fajtor” nuk u be sikurse u be ne Gjermani, ndaj dhe jeta shoqerore austriake e pasluftes, mes te tjerash dhe ajo e letersise austriake, karakterizohet nga nje histori, e cila ndoshta edhe si i huaj ia vlen te studiohet per te pare, se cfare ndodh, kur fajtoret nuk dallohen haptaz prej te tjereve, vetem se ky eshte rast i asaj cka doli nga diktatura nacionalsocialiste. Ne rastin e moskategorizimit te qarte, se kush jane fajtoret, ndoshta ekziston nevoja e nje a me shume njerezve, te cilet te dalin dhe te pranojne publikisht, se midis dy skajeve, atyre qe vuajten direkt nen diktature per shkak te persekutimit dhe atyre qe perfituan direkt prej tij si drejtues te makinerise se diktatures ekzistojne dhe te ndermjetmit, ku dikush anon me shume nga ata qe vuajten direkt dhe dikush nga ana tjeter nga ata qe perfituan prej diktatures. Dhe kjo do bente te qarte se nuk jane te gjithe bashkefajtore, por se ekziston nje spekter i tere i cili eshte deshmi dhe trashegimi e diktatures. Kush do ta merrte persiper nje pozicion te tille publikisht do te sulmohej po ashtu nga drejtime te ndryshme. Por ai, qofte edhe pse ndoshta do cilesohej i cmendur ne sinqeritetin e vet, per te cilin nuk e detyroi kush, do te tregonte nje gjest te madh pastrimi te ndergjegjes dhe do te ishte me prane pershkrimit te se vertetes se popullit shqiptar nen diktature. Dikush tjeter ndoshta do mund te merrte persiper te kerkoje falje per nje sjellje te caktuar. Gjeste origjinale mund te mendoje gjithsecili qe i mbijetoi diktatures. E keshtu mund te ndertohet dicka e madhe. Sepse nga historite e vecanta te gjesteve te kurajos civile, krijohet baza per perballjen e nje populli me vetveten me qellim perparimin. L. Komani
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